Smear test / PAP smear with HPV testing

Understanding Smear Test (Pap Smears) and HPV Testing: What to Expect and Why It Matters

Cervical screening can feel a little daunting — especially if it’s your first time, or it’s been a while. But this simple test could be lifesaving, detecting early changes that may prevent cervical cancer before it starts.

Smear tests and HPV testing are crucial in assessing cervical cancer risk, helping to identify and manage potential issues early on.

At Happiher, we provide private smear tests in London with comfort, clarity, and compassion. Whether you’re due for your routine test or want faster access to screening, we’re here to make the process easy, respectful, and informative.

Introduction to Cervical Screening Programme

The cervical screening programme is a cornerstone in the fight against cervical cancer, a disease that impacts thousands of women globally. Cervical cancer is primarily caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a widespread virus that can lead to abnormal cell changes in the cervix. This programme includes a series of essential screening tests, such as the HPV test and the Pap test, designed to detect these abnormal cell changes early on. By participating in the cervical screening programme, women can significantly reduce their risk of developing cervical cancer. Early detection through these tests ensures that any abnormal cell changes are identified and treated promptly, providing a crucial line of defense against the progression of cervical cancer.

Benefits of Cervical Screening

Cervical screening offers numerous benefits, foremost among them being the early detection of abnormal cervical cells, which is key to preventing cervical cancer. Regular screening tests can identify high-risk HPV types, enabling timely treatment and reducing the likelihood of cervical cancer development. Additionally, cervical screening provides women with peace of mind, knowing they are actively taking steps to safeguard their health. The programme is designed for convenience and accessibility, with screening tests typically taking only a few minutes to complete. By staying informed about cervical health and participating in regular screening tests, women can take control of their health and significantly lower their risk of developing cervical cancer.

What Is a Smear Test?

A smear test — also known as a Pap smear or cervical screening — checks the health of the cells in your cervix (the opening to your womb). It’s not a test for cancer, but a screening test to detect abnormal cells or high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) early, before they cause problems, thus playing a crucial role in monitoring cervical health.

In the UK, cervical screening now primarily involves HPV testing — and only checks for cell changes if the virus is present.

What Is HPV?

HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a very common virus, passed on through intimate skin-to-skin contact. Most people who are sexually active will come into contact with HPV at some point, and in most cases, the body clears it naturally without causing harm.

However, persistent infection with high-risk types of HPV can sometimes lead to abnormal cell changes that may develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. Understanding whether an HPV infection is active or dormant is crucial, as it affects screening recommendations and potential follow-up care related to cervical cancer risk.

That’s why HPV testing is now the first step in cervical screening.

Who Should Have a Smear Test?

In the UK, smear tests are offered routinely to women and people with a cervix:

• Every 3 years between the ages of 25 and 49

• Every 5 years between the ages of 50 and 64

Trans men assigned female at birth, who are registered as male with their GP, may not receive screening invitations but are still entitled to cervical screening if they have a cervix.

However, you may want a private smear test if:

• You’re experiencing unusual bleeding or discharge

• You’ve missed or delayed your NHS screening

• You’d like additional reassurance between routine tests

• You have a history of abnormal smears or HPV

• You’ve recently become sexually active with a new partner

At Happiher, we offer private smear testing in London without long wait times or busy clinic settings — in a calm, caring environment.

What Happens During a Smear Test?

The test only takes a few minutes and is carried out by a trained healthcare professional.

You’ll be asked to lie back and relax on the exam table with your knees bent and heels in stirrups.

A small speculum is gently inserted into the vagina to view the cervix.

A soft brush collects a small sample of cells from the cervix.

The sample is sent to the lab for HPV testing and, if needed, cytology (cell analysis).

Most women find the test slightly uncomfortable but not painful — and we do everything we can to help you feel at ease.

When Will I Get My Results?

At Happiher, you’ll receive your results quickly and confidentially, usually within a few working days.

Your result will usually fall into one of the following categories:

• HPV not detected – You’ll be invited back in 3–5 years (or as recommended)

• HPV positive, no abnormal cells – You’ll be monitored more closely

• HPV positive with abnormal cells – You may be referred for a colposcopy to examine the cervix in more detail

Normal Pap test results indicate no abnormal cervical cells, which is a negative test result.

We explain every result clearly and support you through any next steps.

What If My Smear Is Abnormal?

Most abnormal results do not mean cancer. In fact, they usually show very early cell changes that often return to normal on their own.

If further treatment is needed, options may include:

• Monitoring with repeat smear tests or colposcopy

• Removal of abnormal cells in a simple outpatient procedure

Further testing, such as a cervical biopsy, may be necessary to diagnose conditions accurately. This procedure not only involves the removal of cervical cells for microscopic examination but may also serve as a treatment for abnormal tissue. The importance of further testing lies in its role in diagnosing conditions, including cancer, and ensuring appropriate follow-up care.

At Happiher, Dr Kaur offers specialist colposcopy referrals and ongoing cervical health support — so you’re never left feeling uncertain or alone.

Cervical Biopsy and Diagnosis

A cervical biopsy is a procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the cervix to be examined under a microscope for abnormal cell changes. This procedure is usually recommended following an abnormal Pap test result or a positive HPV test result. The biopsy helps in diagnosing cervical cancer or identifying precancerous cells. If abnormal cell changes are detected, further tests and procedures may be required to assess the extent of these changes and to formulate an appropriate treatment plan. It is essential to follow up with your healthcare provider after a cervical biopsy to discuss the results and any necessary next steps, ensuring that any abnormal cell changes are managed effectively.

Why Choose a Private Smear Test?

Opting for a private smear test in London may be right for you if:

• You want faster access than the NHS

• You prefer a female gynaecologist in a calm, private setting

• You’d like additional support or a second opinion

• You have symptoms or concerns outside of routine screening

In England, women and individuals with a cervix registered with a GP as female automatically receive invitations to screening at specific intervals based on their age. However, complexities can arise for trans men and non-binary people regarding their eligibility and registration.

At Happiher, we’re here to support you with warmth, discretion, and clinical excellence — making screening a more comfortable, personalised experience.

HPV Vaccination and Prevention

Cervical cancer is now largely preventable thanks to:

• HPV vaccination (offered to teens and available privately for adults under 45)

• Regular smear tests and early detection

• HPV tests, which identify specific high-risk HPV types and assess cervical cancer risk

• Smoking cessation, which helps your body clear HPV faster

If you’re unsure about your vaccination history or eligibility, we’re happy to advise and offer private vaccination if appropriate.

The Importance of Early Detection

Early detection is paramount in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Regular screening tests play a crucial role in identifying abnormal cell changes early, allowing for timely intervention and reducing the risk of cervical cancer. If left untreated, these abnormal cell changes can progress to cervical cancer, which can be life-threatening. By participating in regular screening tests and maintaining follow-up appointments with healthcare providers, women can ensure that any abnormal cell changes are detected and treated early. Staying informed about cervical health and taking proactive measures, such as getting vaccinated against HPV and practicing safe sex, are also vital steps in reducing the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Why Choose Happiher for Cervical Screening?

If you’re looking for private HPV screening in London, Happiher offers:

• Same-week appointments for smear testing

• Expert gynaecological care from a female consultant

• Clear explanations and fast, confidential results

• A calm, respectful setting with no pressure or judgement

• Ongoing care for abnormal smears, HPV, or colposcopy referrals

Our dedicated healthcare team ensures comprehensive care, including sending out screening invitations and providing follow-up care, especially for individuals with unique needs such as transgender men and non-binary people.

Whether it’s your first smear or your tenth, we’ll guide you through the process with care, clarity, and reassurance.

Final Thoughts

A smear test may only take a few minutes, but it can help protect your health for years to come. If you’re due for screening, or simply want peace of mind, expert and compassionate care is available.

Understanding the importance of cervical cancer screening is crucial, especially in recognizing cervical cell changes and their implications for pregnant individuals.

At Happiher, we make cervical screening easier — and help you feel in control of your health, every step of the way.